The thin lens equation is:
1/di+1/do=1/f (which is exactly the same as the curved mirror equation)
M=hi/ho=-di/do
The sign rules are:
1. All distances are measured from the optical center
2. Distance of real images (behind the lens) are positive (virtual=negative)
3. Inverted=negative magnification, upright=positive
Examples:
1. A 8.0cm tall pencil is placed 17cm in front of a converging lens (with focal length of 10.0cm). How far and how tall will the image be?
ho=8.0cm
do=17cm
f=10.0cm
di=?
hi=?
1/di+1/do=1/f
1/di+1/17=1/10.0
1/di=1/10.0-1/17
di=24cm
hi/ho=-di/do
hi/8.0=-24/17
hi=-11cm
2. Where must a book be placed in front of a magnifying glass (converging, f=10.0cm), if a virtual image is to be formed 25cm in front of the lens? What is the magnification?
f=10.0cm
di=-25cm
do=?
M=?
1/di+1/do=1/f
1/-25+1/do=1/10.0
1/do=1/10.0-1/-25
do=7.1cm
M=-di/do
M=25/7.1
M=3.5x
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pdEX4xtkLs
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